The most commonly maintenance strategy of electric vehicle batteries

How to use and maintain the battery of electric vehicle has always been a topic of concern.  "Do I need to charge the battery I just bought?"  "How to maintain?"  "Do batteries need to be charged after being placed for a long time?", this article will share you some common problems of electric vehicle battery maintenance,  hope it can help you after reading. 

1、Why should the batteries need to be recharged before first use?

It usually takes 1-2 months or even longer for the battery from the factory to be used, during the storage, part of the power is consumed due to the spontaneous reaction such as self-discharge inside the battery. So before using in the first time, it is better to undertake complement charge, to avoid mistaken for capacity inadequacy. 

How should the battery of an electric vehicle be treated if it is to be stored for a long time? 

First of all, the battery should be fully charged, and should be fully charged at least once time in a month, to prevent power loss, which can effectively prevent the generation of dendrites which will cause irreversible salinization and dendrites short circuit. 

Should I discharge the battery before charging it?

Different from other secondary batteries, lead-acid batteries have no memory effect.  Therefore, no matter what state the battery is, it can be directly charged without discharge

Is it good to charge the battery frequently or to charge it again after discharged?

From a large number of chargers in the market at present, due to the affrect of price factors and technical level, chargers have defects such as high failure rate, poor reliability and low accuracy. Therefore, frequently charge will affect the life of the battery sometimes . If the battery is emptied and recharged, although the number of charges is reduced, there will always be differences between the single battery when discharging, which may cause some single over-discharge, charging capacity of over-discharge battery will be greatly reduced, causing insufficient charging fault.

In addition, due to the discharge of power and recharge, the charger is heavy load for long time, easy to be damaged.  Therefore, in summary, we believe that it is reasonable to charge the battery when 50-70% of the power released by the battery (i.e. the electric vehicle travels about 30Km), which is beneficial to the use of the battery. 

What's the harm of overcharging and undercharging?

Overcharge means the battery charging current is greater than the battery acceptable current, the excess part is overcharge, overcharge will mainly produce side reaction of electrolytic water, due to the oxygen complex reaction caused by positive oxygen transferred to the negative, heat will occur. Therefore, the amount of overcharge is actually converted into heat to raise the temperature of the battery, if not controlled, will cause a lot of water loss, even deformation and other faults. 

Undercharging, commonly referred to as when the battery is undercharging, gradually forms a thick and hard lead sulfate that is nearly insoluble, known as "irreversible sulphation," and cannot be charged by using ordinary way, so its capacity rapidly decays over and over again.

What is the harm of overdischarge for batteries?

In the discharge process of the battery, the positive active material and the negative active material are gradually transformed into a large resistance PbSO4, and consume sulfuric acid in the electrolyte, and the internal resistance gradually increases. Therefore, over discharge, especially in the large current discharge will send a lot of calories, and small amounts of sulfuric acid battery over discharge reduced sulphuric acid concentration is very low, when the PbSO4 solubility increased dramatically, so easy to form thick and hard PbSO4 crystal on the plate, namely "irreversible sulfation“ is greatly weakened battery charging accept ability, especially harmful.

Do the batteries of electric moped need to be replenished during use?

In general, fluid supplement is not required. Because the lead-acid sealing battery of electric moped is a valve controlled sealing battery, oxygen compound reaction occurs in the normal use process, so that its water consumption is very small, and there is no need to add electrolyte or water during the normal life. However, due to the influence of the use of environmental conditions and charging, some batteries may have a large amount of water loss, or even get bulged, at this time the battery should be supplemented with electrolyte or pure water, supplemented with dilute sulfuric acid or pure water (distilled water) with electrolyte density of 1.05g/cm, so that the battery which has more serious water loss will get back to normal.

Under what circumstances does electric vehicle battery need maintenance charge?

1. Battery capacity drops too fast;

2. Backward batteries appear;

3. After the battery loses liquid, rereplenish liquid;

4. After the battery is placed for a long time;

5. After serious over-discharge of the battery;

6. The battery works in a low-temperature environment for a long time;

7. Unreasonable charging parameters and long-term undercharging.